Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Essays - Free Essays

Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Essays - Free Essays Soul Music As A Vehicle Of Social Expression Music is the most remarkable vehicle of human articulation. As the encapsulation of adoration, dissatisfaction, joy, experience life, music addresses us, since it originates from us. Every individuals, in each paradine of the human experience instinctually and deliberately change the music of the past to speak to the real factors of the present. In this century, dark music, all the more explicitly Soul music, has been that music that has brought to plain view what confirms our mankind trust, hurt, delight and energy so that the world has no other decision than to feel its capacity and wonder in its splendor. At the point when one talks about the connection between Soul music and the social equality development, it turns into a dialouge extremely likened to that of the chicken and the egg. The time of Classic Soul is that period principally, however not only referenced as the 1950s, 60s and 70s (Stephenson 186). This is the time span of the American Civil Rights Movement, and the effect of the huge changes going on, are reflected in the music and the way of life. So one would be right in both accepting that the Civil Rights Movement offered ascend to Soul music, as much Soul music added to the accomplishment of the battle for social equality. Soul music during its prime, accomplished more than essentially engage. For a race of individuals it filled in as a wellspring of inspiration, quality and training, for a people drenched in unrest and catastrophe. The organization of isolation had adequately restrained the general peoples attention to the extraordinary accomplishments and commitments made by African-americans since the commencement of the United States (Franklin 429). Because, Soul music looked to expose that undersight. Soul melodies like Donny Hathaways To Be Young, Gifted and Black, was progressive, in that they looked to ingrain pride of ones history, and yet rouse another age to arrive at new statures. As Hathaway says, We should start to tell our young, Dont you realize that there is an entire world hanging tight for you?, he is requiring the educating of dark pride to the adolescent, which was a wide spread pattern in dark networks of the 60s and 70s (Hathaway). James Browns Say It Loud, Im Black and Im Proud, turned into a song of devotion for the development (Brown). The tunes verses like, .Dont quit moving, until we get what we deservewed rather kick the bucket on our feet, than continue living on our knees, were encouraging statements for those associated with the battle for uniformity. While the prevalent subject of mood and blues was love and other sort of human connections, soul artists voiced worry about the social bad form, racial pride, dark militancy, and types of dissent (Southern 517). Eileen Southerns explanation on Soul music enormously depicts the kind of works created by Hathaway and Brown at that point, yet was definetly not selective to these two craftsmen. The period wherein Soul interlaced with the Civil Rights Movement, delivered music significantly impacted by the earth in which its makers lived. Donny Hathaways, Ghetto, and Marvin Gayes Inner City Blues (Makes Me Wanna Holler), discuss the cruelty of life in the Inner City (Hathaway/Gaye). Cultural ills and political agitation were a significant topic of Soul music, and Marvin Gayes work, practically more than some other craftsman, was illustrative of this reality. Gayes collection Whats Goin On, was his discourse on the social issues of the period, and through its prosperity hugely affected the expanding social mindfulness. Gloom inside the dark network was given voice in Gayes Inner City Blues. Expansion, charges, joblessness and police fierceness were numbered among the subjects tended to in the melody. The feeling of hopelesness of the piece can best be passed on in the line saying, this life aint worth the living.makes me wanna holler, hurl both my hands!(Gaye). Spare the Children proceeds to ask: Who is happy to attempt to spare a world that is bound to pass on?, yet proceeds to state live for the childrenlets spare the kids (Gaye). In this way, even amidst incredible sadness, Gaye, and other craftsman of his type, believed in the chance of progress. Wad of

Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Using Two Dopant

Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Using Two Dopant G T Yusuf, MA Raimi, O.E Alajeâ and AK Kazeem Dynamic The undoped ZnO, Al doped ZnO and Mg doped ZnO films were saved by a sol-gel turn covering technique onto the glass substrates. 0.3M arrangement of zinc acetic acid derivation dries out weakened in methanol and deionized water (3:1) was readied. Equivalent amount of Aluminum chloride and tin chloride were added to every answer for fill in as dopants. The impact of Aluminum and Magnesium doping on the optical ZnO films was considered. The straightforwardness properties of every single slim film are more than 80 % at an obvious frequency of (300-800 nm). The optical band hole of unadulterated ZnO slender film is 3.12ev while the band hole for Al-doped ZnO and Mg-doped movies are 3.16eV and 3.26eV individually. All film parameters changed with dopant types. The variety of optical band hole with doping is all around depicted by Bursteinâ€Moss impact. Catchphrases: Band hole; Doping; Films; Transmittance. Presentation In this Zinc oxide is an II-VI n-type semiconductor with band hole of roughly 3.3 eV at room temperature and a hexagonal wurtzite structure [1]. As of late, doped zinc oxide flimsy movies have been generally read for their application as leading anode materials in level board shows or sun oriented gadgets. Not at all like the more ordinarily utilized indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide is a non-poisonous and economical material [1]. Moreover, unadulterated zinc oxide films are profoundly straightforward in the obvious range (light frequency of 400-700 nm) and have high electrical conductivity. Be that as it may, non-stoichiometric or pollution (Group III components or Group IV components) doped zinc oxide films have electrical conductivities just as high optical straightforward. Non-stoichiometric zinc oxide films have precarious electrical properties at high temperature on the grounds that the sheet obstruction of ZnO slight movies increments under either oxygen chemisorptions and desorption [9] or heat treatment in vacuum or in encompassing oxygen pressure at 3000C-4000C [27]. Going to polluting influence doped ZnO flimsy movies, not at all like non-stoichiometric ZnO slim movies, debasement doped ZnO slight movies have stable electrical and optical properties. Among the zinc oxide films doped with bunch II components, for example, barium, aluminum, gallium and indium, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) dainty mo vies show the most reduced electrical resistivity [11]. Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) has a low resistivity of 2.4ãâ€"10-4 ÃŽ © cm [11-13], which is very like that of ITO films, which is about 1.2ãâ€"10-4 ÃŽ © cm [14-16] and AZO likewise shows great optical transmission in the obvious and close to infrared (IR) districts. In this way, AZO movies have been utilized as straightforward leading terminals in sun oriented cells [16, 8]. Notwithstanding doping with Group III components, doping ZnO with Group IV components, for example, [9, 10] Ge, Sn, Ti, Si is additionally a decent method to get low resistivity straightforward materials so as to supplant ITO in light of the fact that Ge, Ti, Zr could substitute on the Zn iota site. For instance, Sn can fill in as a doubly ionized contributor with the fuse of SnO2 as a solute in ZnO and, thusly, give a high electron transporter focus. It is, in this manner, expected that the Sn doped ZnO (SZO) will have a higher electrical conductivity and better field outflow properties contrasted and undoped ZnO [10]. An assortment of methods, for example, DC or RF magnetron faltering [2], electron pillar vanishing [19,20], beat laser testimony [21], splash pyrolysis [22,23], synthetic fume statement [24] and solâ€gel handling [25â€34,5] have effectively been created to get ready zinc oxide slender movies. Among them, the solâ€gel turn covering technique is more straightforward and financially savvy. Generally, AZO movies arranged by this technique follow the non-alkoxide course, utilizing metal salts, for example, acetic acid derivations, nitrates or chlorides as forerunner and dopant, individually. What's more, natural dissolvable, for example, methanol [20,21], ethanol [16], isopropanol [14], methoxyethanol [11], ethyl glycol and glycerol [10] are broadly utilized by presenting monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) or tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as stabilizer [10,11,30]. As of late, scarcely any investigations had provided details regarding the development of the ZnO s lim movies with various dopants utilizing sol gel turn covering strategy. Thusly, the point of this examination works anyway is to consider the optical and electrical properties of zinc oxide meager movies utilizing diverse dopants with privately manufactured sol gel turn covering procedure. Exploratory The movies have been stored onto the glass substrates at 400  °C substrate temperature. 0.3M arrangement of zinc acetic acid derivation gets dried out weakened in methanol and deionized water (3:1) were arranged and separated into three bits. Aluminum chloride and tin chloride were added to every arrangement as dopants. A couple of drops of acidic corrosive were added to improve the lucidity of arrangement. The grouping of dopants (aluminum chloride AlCl3 ·6H2O, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate [Mg (NO3)2.6H2O and was 3% and saved steady for all examinations. The beginning arrangements were blended altogether with attractive stirrer and separated by WHATMAN channel paper. The arrangements were then turn covered on glass substrates which have been procleaned with cleanser and afterward in methanol and CH3)2CO for 10min each utilizing ELA 110277248E/2510E-MT ultrasonic cleaner and afterward cleaned with de ionized water and warmed on hot plate for 600C. The covering arrangements were dropped onto the glass substrate which was pivoted at 4000rpm 45 each by utilizing Ws-400 Bz †6NPP/AS turn coater. In the wake of storing by turn covering, the movies were then dried at 3000C for 15minutes in a heater to evapourate the dissolvable and evacuate natural residuals. The optical and electrical properties of the movies at each time were examined. The movies were then embedded into a cylinder heater and tempered in air at 7500C for 1 hour each. The optical transmission and reflectance of the movies were analyzed by spectrophotometer going from 400 to 1000nm. The transmittance T and reflectance R information was utilized to figure assimilation coefficients of the AZO movies at various frequencies. The connection between transmittance T, reflectance R, assimilation coefficient, ÃŽ ±, and thickness d of the film is given by condition (1). (1) The ingestion coefficient information was utilized to decide vitality band hole, Eg , utilizing condition (2). (2) Where is the photon vitality, A will be a consistent in this manner, a plot of against is a bend line whose block on the vitality hub gives the vitality hole. The band vitality hole of the film was then controlled by extrapolating the direct locales on the vitality pivot. The assimilation coefficient,, related with the solid ingestion district of the film was determined from absorbance An and the film thickness, t, utilizing (3). (3) The elimination coefficient, k, was assessed from (4) (4) Where the frequency of the occurrence radiation and, t is, is the thickness of the film. The precious stone period of the movies was dictated by X-beam diffraction (XRD). The refractive list of the movies was resolved from the maxima and minima of the reflectance bend. (5) Where n is the refractive record, d is the film thickness (nm), is the frequency (nm) of the occurrence light, and k is the obstruction request (an odd number for maxima and even whole number for minima). Results The precious stone structure of ZnO films was explored through X-beam diffraction (XRD). The X-beam diffraction range of ZnO, Al-ZnO and Mg-ZnO film toughened at 7500C with unmistakable reflection planes is appeared in figure 1.The tops in the XRD range compare to those of the ZnO designs from the JCPDS information (Powder Diffraction File, Card no: 36-1451) having hexagonal wurtzite structure with cross section constants a=3.24982ã… , c=5.20661ã… .The nearness of noticeable pinnacles shows that the film is polycrystalline in nature. The cross section constants ‘a’ and ‘c’ of the Wurtzite structure of the movies were determined utilizing the relations (6) and (7). a= Ë ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å".î »/sin ÃŽ ¸(6) c= ÃŽ »/sin ÃŽ ¸(7) Figure 2 shows the optical transmittance spectra of ZnO, Al-ZnO and Mg-ZnO flimsy movies in the frequency extend between 300 to 800 nm. The straightforwardness properties of every single slim film are more than 80 % at a noticeable frequency of (300-800 nm). It is seen that the transmittance differs with dopant types for example aluminum and magnesium. The general spectra shows an outflow band with two evident pinnacles, where the main pinnacle, the UV top which likewise called the emanation or close to band edge discharge added to the free exciton recombination [18]. The subsequent wide pinnacle, otherwise called the green discharge compares to the recombination of a photon produced opening with an electron in separately ionized [18]. Figure 1: X-beam diffraction designs for ZnO slim film for aluminum and magnesium dopants The optical absorbance range estimated inside the frequency scope of 300â€800 nm utilizing a Shimadzu Spectrophotometer is appeared in figure 3. Figure 2: Optical Transmittance of the movies for aluminum and magnesium dopants Around, the band hole modification of the slim film can be concluded from Figure 3. Here, it obviously shows that adjustments in the assimilation edges are in corresponding with kinds of dopant in the slim film. So as to fittingly assess the optical band hole condition (2) was utilized. The nearness of a solitary incline in the plot recommends that the movies have direct and permitted progress. It is additionally notable that ZnO is an immediate band-hole material [1] and the vitality hole (Eg) would thus be able to be assessed by expecting direct progress between conduction band and valance groups. Hypothesis of optical assimilation gives the connection between the retention coefficients ÃŽ ± and the photon vitality hî ½ for direct permitted progress as appeared in (2) The immediate band hole decided utilizing this condition when straight part of the (ÃŽ ±hî ½)2 against hî ½ plot

CLEP College Composition Essay Samples - Tips for Writing the Essay Sample

CLEP College Composition Essay Samples - Tips for Writing the Essay SampleDo you need to write a CLEP college composition essay sample? If so, then you've got some interesting options. In fact, there are many excellent books out there that are absolutely helpful for writing CLEP college assignments. However, one of the best resources is online.The good news is that CLEP examiners can take online exams and CLEP college essays online too. However, a little extra time spent on your work will pay off handsomely. In fact, taking these exams online can often be even more beneficial than studying them at home.The first thing to remember when studying online for the CLEP exam is to never take an exam for anything online unless you have done enough research and testing yourself in front of a trusted teacher to know how to do well on it. Also, even if a test isn't in your area of expertise, you should still avoid taking it unless you can do well with it. Remember, your ultimate goal is to ace the CLEP exam!If you're a little concerned about doing your CLEP writing online, there are ways to help make it easier. The first thing to consider is to put your site url in the signature block of each of your CLEP essay samples. By doing this, students will know that they are on the CLEP site. When they click on your signature, they will be directed to your site.The best way to get started online is to actually learn everything you can about writing a CLEP college essay. In particular, you want to become comfortable with the tools and techniques used to grade this type of writing. One way to do this is to read a lot of college writing by the CLEP examiners. Read books like 'Teacher's Guide to College Composition,' 'College Composition Essay Tips,' and even 'The Truth About College Writing' by Harold Hanson.If you find that all of these books aren't cutting it for you, then there are also other methods you can use to study for the CLEP exam. For example, one way to study is to ask questions to other CLEP examiners online.A final thought is to find someone you know who has been successful with the CLEP exam. If you think that they have a blog or you know of someone who is a CLEP administrator, talk to them about studying for the exam.

Argumentative Essay On Constitutional Federalism - 966 Words

Federalism is the system of government in which the United States and many other countries operate. . Federalism a system that involves compromising between the two extremes of Centralization and Decentralization. The system always has opposing sides pushing to get the balance more to their side of the spectrum. In the United States these forces are usually seen as Democrats and Republicans. I see the U.S. located on the spectrum of federalism much closer to Centralization than Decentralization. Currently, the Republican party has a majority in congress and a Republican President. Therefore, we have already seen those forces trying to put more power into the states hands. Although it may seem cut and dry in the eyes of most Americans, it†¦show more content†¦The Federal Government flows money to the state and local governments through a program called Grants in Aid. They use a system of Categorical and Block grants. Categorical has more strings attached and Block grants have little to no strings attached. In this process we see another aspect of Federalism called Intergovernmental Federalism. This is the ranking of how power flows through our government. It starts with the Federal Government following with the state government, then breaking down into smaller forms of local government. This is also how we see money flow throughout the government; there is specific grants for those lower on the power ranks such as school district grants. These systems show how it is important to have a strong Federal Government, as well as strong decentralized governments. The Federal Government has a major influence on what the states can do but, in some situations, they interact with each other to solve certain issues. This is called Horizontal Federalism and used when states make interactions with other states for the benefit of each state. Sometimes, the Federal Government has to intervene in certain interstate compacts to protect other states. An example of this wo uld be federal guidelines for work on the Mississippi River, the upper states sometimes do work on the river at the same time which can lead to flooding at the lower parts of the river. ToShow MoreRelatedThe Underlying Consequence of Separation of Power2126 Words   |  9 Pagesembodiment of slavery, while immoral and unethical, was a source of revenue for southern states to supply their economy with free labor. Federalism—defined as a relationship between the federal, state, and local government where the power of the national government was strengthened due to citizens’ discontent of the Articles of Confederation. Combined federalism with the separation of power, it created immense disempowering consequences for African-Americans in their struggle for equality. The intention

Business Communications - 2007 Words

|Assignment brief –BTEC (QCF) | |Assignment front sheet | |Qualification |Unit number and title | |BTEC National Business |Unit 4 Business Communications. | |Learner name | Assessor name†¦show more content†¦| | | | |Produce corporate communications. |3 | | |P3 | | | | |P4 |Evaluate the external corporate communications of an existing product or service. |4 | | |P5, M2 |Explain the legal and ethical issues in relation to the use |5 | | | |of business information. | | | | |Analyse the legal, ethical and operational issues | | | | |in relation to the use of business information, using | | | | |appropriate examples. | | | |Show MoreRelatedBusiness Communication4956 Words   |  20 PagesOverview Business communication (or simply communications, in a business context) encompasses such topics as marketing, brand management, customer relations, consumer behavior, advertising, public relations, corporate communication, community engagement, reputation management, interpersonal communication, employee engagement, and event management. It is closely related to the fields of professional communication and technical communication. According to Excellence in Business Communication Tenth editionRead MoreBusiness Analysis : Business Communication Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness communication Task 1 Types Business example Purpose Source Verbal- A spoken method of communication usually face to face e.g. a meeting with staff. Tesco staff meeting to organise a fundraiser for a nearby charity raising money for Cancer research. The purpose of this would be to invite support for activities e.g. Bag packing campaign or family fun day. Internal: Administration/marketing departments discuss how they will raise money for the charity. External: Local council. Tesco asksRead MoreBusiness Communication8242 Words   |  33 PagesIIBM INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Answer Sheet Business Communication Rahul Sancheti 14/07/2015 The Detailed study Of The Business Communication has Been Submitted To The IIBM Institute Of Business Management â€Æ' Answer Sheet Business Communication Section A: Objective Type Short Questions Part one: Multiple choice: 1. __________is an essential function of Business Organizations: a. Information b. Communication c. Power d. None of the above Ans:B 2. PhysiologicalRead MoreImportance of Business Communication1271 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of Business Communication In business, reputation and credibility need to be built up in order to get clients’ trust and confidence. Having a sense of professionalism will bring a lot to the business, especially in a long term relationship with employees and clients. There is a need to make sure that every business deal is attended to promptly. Business communication encompasses not only communicating with external contacts but also with employees within the organization. This willRead MoreBusiness Communications Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesTHE IMPORTANCE OF WRITING SKILLS IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS: HOW AND WHY TO IMPROVE EMPLOYEES WRITING Abstract This essay describes how poorly written communication can lead to misunderstanding and a possible loss of business. Through this paper the author wants to persuade the employer to sponsor a workshop for all employees to improve their writing skills, to increase business communications and to avoid arguments through poor communication. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness ofRead MoreRole of Communication in Business1086 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding the communication process in managerial position is very important. It guides the communicator in conveying the right message to the right recipient. The mode of communication determines the content of information channelled, and where the managers feel that the information is urgent; they will opt for the right means of communicating. According to the case study in consideration, effective communication leads to positive outcomes from the employees work. It boosts the loyalty displayedRead MoreThe Barriers Of Business Communica tion1268 Words   |  6 PagesBefore I will discuss how to overcome the barriers in business communication I will introduce the different barriers in global business communication; 1) Physical barriers these are inadequate equipment such as out dated computer, phones with poor signal, background noise, poor lightning, temperature that is too high or too cold, tangible item that can interfere with communication. 2) Attitudes sometimes strong emotion like anger, sadness or happiness can take your objectivity. Also being nervousRead MoreEffective Business Communication4674 Words   |  19 PagesResearch Study on Effective Business Communication At American Express Financial Centre TABLE OF TABLE Table 1: Recruitment Methods 13 Table 2: Forms of written communication 15 Table 3: Formal Meetings 15 Table 4: External Communications 16 Table 5: Informal channels of communication 21 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENT 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS COMMUNICATION 6 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 PROBLEM OF STUDY 7 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 7 KEY TERMS 8 BRIEF OUTLINERead MoreBusiness Communication M11862 Words   |  8 PagesM1 Business Communication INTRODUCTION In P1 I talked about types of communications used by Asda and these are Verbal, written, on- screen. In this task I am going to show you the advantages and disadvantages of each type of communication referring it to my chosen company and that is Asda. ADVANTAGES OF VERBAL/ORAL Oral communication or speech is often the preferred medium to exchange information in in informal situations since it provides a number of immediate benefits when attempting to pitchRead MoreCommunication Is The Most Effective Form Of Business Communication949 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment communication is major factor. There are two forms of communication: oral communication and written communication. Oral Communication is the process of verbally transmitting to give and exchange information to another person (or people). Oral communication can be formal or informal. Formal types of oral communication are business lectures, presentations at business meetings, commencement speeches. Informal types of oral communication are discussions that take place in a business meeting,

Acid test ratio vs current ratio free essay sample

The Current ratio and the Acid-test ratio, both fall under the category of financial ratios.   These two ratios examine the capability of an organization to pay those creditors, whose debts are below the stipulated period of twelve months.   Such short-term debts usually consist of 30 or 60 days credit period.   Indeed under the two ratios the Current Liabilities are considered as the debt to be covered by the assets considered on the numerator of the ratio. The higher these ratios, the better are the financial position of the firm.   However, a number of factors have to be considered by both ratios before remarking on the financial position of the company.   For instance, one has to consider the nature of the business and the effect of seasonal variations before giving drastic conclusions.   In fact, such ratios are frequently examined by analyzing the financial position of the same organization over time or in relation to the industry average in which the firm operates. We will write a custom essay sample on Acid test ratio vs current ratio or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The main difference that lies between these ratios is the analyses of the liquidity of the current assets taken.   Under the current ratio, all the current assets of the firm are considered in the formula.   However, the acid-test ratio examines the assets that can be easily converted into cash in relation to the current liabilities of the firm.   As a result, the stock value, which is the least liquid asset, is deducted from the current assets in this ratio. Under these ratios, the short-term assets are divided by the current liabilities in order to see by how many times can such assets cover these liabilities.   For instance, if at the financial year ended 31st December 2006 a firm had a total current assets of $200,000, and the current liabilities added up to $100,000, the current ratio would be calculated as follows: This result indicates that the current assets of the firm can meet by two times as much the present current obligations of the organization.   The same principle applies for the acid-test ratio with the exception that stock is removed from the current assets as already stated in the previous paragraph.

Local Crime Prevention Program Colonial Heights Senior Citizens Crime Prevention

Introduction For as long as the human civilization has existed, there have always been those members of the society who have engaged in criminal activities. These misdeeds which affect the rest of the community negatively have resulted in the formation of the police force and other agencies charged with combating crime.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Local Crime Prevention Program: Colonial Heights’ Senior Citizens Crime Prevention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While this apparatus have had a favorable impact in reducing crime, they are not enough to solve the crime problems of the community. For this reason, Local Crime Prevention groups have sprung up all over the country to help in the reducing of local crime. Local Crime Prevention is based on the understanding that police and other government agencies alone cannot control crime in the country and the members of the community must play an active role in mitigating crime levels in their locality. Most of these crime prevention groups have programs which articulate the purpose of the group, and teach the members useful skills in crime fighting or prevention in their community. This paper will perform an elaborate analysis on one local crime prevention program in America. The paper will them proceed to discuss the inherent strengths and weaknesses of the program as well as the moral astuteness of the program. Crime Prevention Program Name The name of the program is Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University and it is open to the residents of Colonial Heights, Virginia. This program is especially structured for the senior citizens and is based on the fact that older people are more fearful of crime as compared to the other members of the community. O’Block, Donnermeyer and Doeren (2001) hypothesize that the reason for this accentuated fear is the perception by the older people that crime has a greater impact on t hem, both physically and/or economically. Components of the program This program is offered free of charge to senior citizens (persons aged 55 years and older) who reside in Colonial Heights or operate businesses in the location. The program is jointly sponsored by the Colonial Heights TRIAD, Colonial Heights Police Department, and Colonial Heights Sheriff’s Office (Colonial Heights Police, 2010). The program runs for 8 to 10 weeks and is arranged into 13 sessions, which cover various aspects of life that may be relevant for the participants, ranging from; police work, emergency services, legal issues, fire fighting to neighborhood watch and other important issues pertaining crime. Owing to the expansive nature of the lessons taught in the Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University, there are a number of varying professionals who engage in the tutorage. The Colonial Heights Police Department in particular plays a very significant role in lessons regarding the role of law enf orcement in the city.Advertising Looking for research paper on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The police also provide information on Neighborhood Watch and other neighborhood programs which the attendees of the SCCPU program can join. The senior citizens are also advised on how to go about beginning such programs in their neighborhoods. In court and legal matters, the program invites a Colonial Heights Bar Association member who addresses the legal topics such as wills, estate planning and trusts. The session on fire fighting is covered by the personnel from the Colonial Heights Fire and EMS. Health professionals are also part of the trainers in the SCCPU. They provide information on conditions such as mental health that the seniors are prone to and emphasis on potential victimization that may occur to those affected. The attendees are also given training on offering Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation. Philosophy and goals of the program No police department can function effectively without the concerned assistance of responsible citizens (Fennelly, 2003). For this reason, the police department of Colonial Heights together with other relevant stakeholders provides local crime prevention classes for the senior citizens for the mutual benefit of all the parties involved. The main rationale for this program is the fact that senior citizens are obvious targets of crime due to their age (Walsh, 2000). The vulnerability that is inherent in most senior citizens makes them especially prone to crimes such as: fraud, scams, physical assault to name but a few. The purpose of the program is to empower the senior citizens so as to reduce the odds of their falling prey of these crimes. The program makes the participants more aware of their surrounding which results in lower crime rates perpetrated against them. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Program One strength of this program is that it empowers the senio r citizens by giving them vital information which helps them to prevent crime by making them more aware. Having awareness of preventive techniques can help an individual to spot a potential crime situation and therefore take measures to remove the risk or at the least reduce its risk (NCPC, 2010). The program also boasts the esteem of the senior citizens since they no longer feel week and vulnerable as a result of the knowledge that they gather from the program. The program also equips the participants to start up their own neighborhood crime prevention programs which assist the communities from which they hail. In addition to crime prevention, the program covers issues such as drafting of wills and establishing of trust funds. This is very vital information for the senior citizens as it helps them plan their lives better. Arguably the biggest weakness of the program is the age restriction that it imposes on its participants resulting in only senior citizens being eligible to the pr ogram. This is a setback since the senior citizens (who are mostly the vulnerable members of the society) cannot form bonds with other members of the community who can greatly assist in crime prevention.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Local Crime Prevention Program: Colonial Heights’ Senior Citizens Crime Prevention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition to this, the resource pool for the senior citizens is restricted to the old people and as such they lack an opportunity to learn of current trends of crime from the younger generation who may be more exposed to it. Ethical Issues Ethically, the program offered by Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University is sound. This is because they present material that is relevant to the participants. Information such as; wills, trusts and power of attorney is relevant to the senior citizens who are most likely to be drafting wills or setting up trus ts for their children. The lessons on fraud are also relevant since the senior citizens are targeted by confidence tricksters. Achieving this is simple since all the participants are in the same age bracket as well as residents of the same community. The teachers are also locals which mean that the likelihood of a breach of conduct due to ignorance on the local norms or tradition is minimized. Also, most of the subject matter covered in the teaching is of a non-controversial and non-sensitive therefore making ethics a non issue. Effectiveness of the program The popularity of the programs offered by Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University in Colonial Heights is phenomenal. This can be deduced from the fact that all the classes that are offered are booked to capacity (Colonial Heights Police, 2010). This demonstrates that the senior citizens of Colonial Heights are convinced of the practicality of the lessons offered in the programs and therefore ensure that they are a part of the lessons. Correa reveals that the seniors feel empowered as a result of the program therefore accentuating its effectiveness. In addition to the benefits that the senior citizens gain from the program, the police force also gains in terms of improved public relations. Correa (2010) reveals that the program brings about interaction of the policemen with the citizens therefore fostering a cordial relationship as well as a positive outlook of the police force and their work by the members of the public. This makes the work of the police more effective since they have the support of the senior residents of Colonial Heights. Conclusion This paper set out to give an analysis of a crime prevention group program. To achieve this, an analysis of the Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University has been undertaken. The components of this program, its philosophy, goals and its strengths and weaknesses have been highlighted.Advertising Looking for research paper on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the information presented herein, it is evident that the program is highly successful in achieving its primary goals and as such, many senior residents in Colonial Heights have participated in the program. This paper has shown that the Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University is responsible for reducing the chances of seniors becoming victims of crime. However, the program has a weakness in that it does not accommodate other members of the society (other than the seniors) therefore reducing its effectiveness and impact on the society. Despite this setback, the program has a lot of advantages and makes a positive contribution in not only dealing with crime against the senior citizens but also in improving the quality of their lives. References Colonial Heights Police (2010). Senior Citizens Crime Prevention University. Web. Correa, M. (2010). Senior Citizens Learn About Police Department. NBC News. Web. Fennelly, L. J. (2003). Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention. Butterworth-Heinemann. National Capital Planning Commission (2010). Senior Citizens. Web. O’Block, L, R., Donnermeyer, J. F. Doeren, S. E. (2002). Security and Crime Prevention. Butterworth-Heinemann. Walsh, B. (2000). Crime Prevention: A Shared Responsibility. Brooking Institute Press. This research paper on Local Crime Prevention Program: Colonial Heights’ Senior Citizens Crime Prevention was written and submitted by user Samson L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.